There are majorly three types of crypto currency which are bitcoin, Altcoin, and Memecoin (Shitcoin).
The first cryptocurrency that was launched in 2009 by Satoshi Nakamoto, is bitcoin. After two years in 2011 bitcoin was started popular in the market.
The first Bitcoin come into existence with Satoshi Nakamoto mined the genesis block of bitcoin and got the 50BTC as a reward, In 2011 Bitcoin touched the 1 dollar mark.
As we know source code of Bitcoin is open, In 2011 "Charlie Lee" is modified the bitcoin source code and develop the altcoin which is "Litecoin".
There are four types of Altcoins which are Minable altcoins, Non-Minable altcoins, DPoS, and Stable altcoins.
Delegated proof of Stake (DPoS) is more secure than PoS and the first DPoS is invented by Daniel Larimer which is Bitshares.
The cryptocurrency that is created on a meme or as a joke coin and all the Memecoin coins are based on the Proof of Work algorithm.
The first joke coin was released by Billy Markus and his team members which are (Doge Coin) and these are some meme coins, Shiba Inu, Yooshi, Kishu Inu, Baby doge and many more.